{ "componentChunkName": "component---src-templates-course-content-template-js", "path": "/part-5/4-small-database/", "result": {"data":{"page":{"htmlAst":{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"text-box","properties":{"variant":"learningObjectives","name":"Learning objectives"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"After this section"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"You will be able to read and update nested dictionaries"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"You will be able to extend a program through several related requirement changes"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"You will be able to choose which structure makes each level of the data readable"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Part 4 introduced the structures needed here. This section does not introduce another data structure. Instead, it combines familiar dictionaries in a small application."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"The student database uses one dictionary for lookup by student name and another for lookup by course name. Its shape is therefore "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"student name -> course name -> grade"}]},{"type":"text","value":". As the program grows, pay attention to the complete nested data shape and to which function is responsible for each change."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"programming-exercise","properties":{"name":"Courses above a grade","tmcname":"part05-25_courses_above_grade"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Mode: Independent practice"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Pipeline stage(s): Transform, Summarize"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"The exercise starter contains this small student database:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"3"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Advanced Course in Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"5"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Write a function named "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"courses_above"}]},{"type":"text","value":", which takes the database, a student name and a minimum grade. It should return a list containing the names of that student's courses whose grade is at least the specified minimum. Preserve the order in which the courses occur in the dictionary. If the student is not in the database, return an empty list."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"print"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"courses_above"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"3"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"print"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"courses_above"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"4"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"print"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"courses_above"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Jack\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"['Introduction to Programming']\n['Introduction to Programming']\n[]\n"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Use this exercise to become familiar with the nested "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"student name -> course name -> grade"}]},{"type":"text","value":" path. The next exercise builds and maintains a database with the same shape."}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"programming-exercise","properties":{"name":"Student database","tmcname":"part05-26_student_database"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"This is a staged maintenance exercise. Complete the initial database and printing functions independently. Then use an agent to help extend the working program while you remain responsible for its data contract and verification."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Pipeline stage(s): Validate, Transform, Summarize, Present"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h4","properties":{"id":"adding-students","style":"position:relative;"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"adding students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"#adding-students","ariaLabel":"adding students permalink","className":["anchor","after"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"svg","properties":{"ariaHidden":"true","focusable":"false","height":"16","version":"1.1","viewBox":"0 0 16 16","width":"16"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"path","properties":{"fillRule":"evenodd","d":"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"},"children":[]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Mode: Independent practice"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"First write a function named "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"add_student"}]},{"type":"text","value":", which adds a new student to the database. Also write a preliminary version of the function "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"print_student"}]},{"type":"text","value":", which prints out the information of a single student."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"These functions are used as follows:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nprint_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nprint_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nprint_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Jack\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Your program should now print out"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Peter:\n no completed courses\nEliza:\n no completed courses\nJack: no such person in the database\n"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h4","properties":{"id":"adding-completed-courses","style":"position:relative;"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"adding completed courses"},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"#adding-completed-courses","ariaLabel":"adding completed courses permalink","className":["anchor","after"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"svg","properties":{"ariaHidden":"true","focusable":"false","height":"16","version":"1.1","viewBox":"0 0 16 16","width":"16"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"path","properties":{"fillRule":"evenodd","d":"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"},"children":[]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Mode: Agent-assisted change"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Before prompting an agent, describe the current shape as "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"student name -> course name -> grade"}]},{"type":"text","value":" and the incoming course record as "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{\"name\": ..., \"grade\": ...}"}]},{"type":"text","value":". Ask for a plan which preserves the existing functions and printed output, then implement the additions in small steps."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Please write a function named "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"add_course"}]},{"type":"text","value":", which adds a completed course to the information of a specific student in the database. Course data is passed as a dictionary with the keys "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"text","value":" and "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"grade"}]},{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"3"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Advanced Course in Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nprint_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"When some courses have been added, the information printed out changes:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Peter:\n 2 completed courses:\n Introduction to Programming 3\n Advanced Course in Programming 2\n average grade 2.5\n"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h4","properties":{"id":"repeating-courses","style":"position:relative;"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"repeating courses"},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"#repeating-courses","ariaLabel":"repeating courses permalink","className":["anchor","after"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"svg","properties":{"ariaHidden":"true","focusable":"false","height":"16","version":"1.1","viewBox":"0 0 16 16","width":"16"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"path","properties":{"fillRule":"evenodd","d":"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"},"children":[]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Courses with grade 0 should be ignored when adding course information. Additionally, if the course is already in the database in that specific student's information, the grade recorded in the database should never be lowered if the course is repeated."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"text-box","properties":{"variant":"hint","name":"Two maintenance defects to watch for"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Do not assign a new dictionary to the "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students"}]},{"type":"text","value":" parameter inside a function: that would disconnect the function from the database it was asked to update. Also inspect every "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" proposed inside a loop. Returning after the first student or course would leave the rest of the database unprocessed; returning immediately for one invalid course record is intentional."}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"3"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Advanced Course in Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Data Structures and Algorithms\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"0"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nprint_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Peter:\n 2 completed courses:\n Introduction to Programming 3\n Advanced Course in Programming 2\n average grade 2.5\n"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h4","properties":{"id":"summary-of-database","style":"position:relative;"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"summary of database"},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"#summary-of-database","ariaLabel":"summary of database permalink","className":["anchor","after"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"svg","properties":{"ariaHidden":"true","focusable":"false","height":"16","version":"1.1","viewBox":"0 0 16 16","width":"16"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"path","properties":{"fillRule":"evenodd","d":"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"},"children":[]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Please write a function named "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"summary"}]},{"type":"text","value":", which prints out a summary based on all the information stored in the database."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_student"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Data Structures and Algorithms\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Peter\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Advanced Course in Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Programming\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"5"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nadd_course"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Eliza\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"name\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"Introduction to Computer Science\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"grade\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"4"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nsummary"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"students"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"This should print out"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"students 2\nmost courses completed 3 Peter\nbest average grade 4.5 Eliza\n"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Inspect the finished change before submitting. Trace the nested path used to add a grade, and verify a failed course, a lower repeated grade, a raised repeated grade, and students with different numbers and averages of completed courses."}]}]},{"type":"comment","value":"-\nA quiz to review the contents of this section:\n\n\n"}]},"html":"

After this section

Part 4 introduced the structures needed here. This section does not introduce another data structure. Instead, it combines familiar dictionaries in a small application.

The student database uses one dictionary for lookup by student name and another for lookup by course name. Its shape is therefore student name -> course name -> grade. As the program grows, pay attention to the complete nested data shape and to which function is responsible for each change.

Mode: Independent practice

Pipeline stage(s): Transform, Summarize

The exercise starter contains this small student database:

students = {\n    \"Peter\": {\n        \"Introduction to Programming\": 3,\n        \"Advanced Course in Programming\": 2\n    },\n    \"Eliza\": {\n        \"Introduction to Programming\": 5\n    }\n}

Write a function named courses_above, which takes the database, a student name and a minimum grade. It should return a list containing the names of that student's courses whose grade is at least the specified minimum. Preserve the order in which the courses occur in the dictionary. If the student is not in the database, return an empty list.

print(courses_above(students, \"Peter\", 3))\nprint(courses_above(students, \"Eliza\", 4))\nprint(courses_above(students, \"Jack\", 1))
\n['Introduction to Programming']\n['Introduction to Programming']\n[]\n

Use this exercise to become familiar with the nested student name -> course name -> grade path. The next exercise builds and maintains a database with the same shape.

This is a staged maintenance exercise. Complete the initial database and printing functions independently. Then use an agent to help extend the working program while you remain responsible for its data contract and verification.

Pipeline stage(s): Validate, Transform, Summarize, Present

adding students

Mode: Independent practice

First write a function named add_student, which adds a new student to the database. Also write a preliminary version of the function print_student, which prints out the information of a single student.

These functions are used as follows:

students = {}\nadd_student(students, \"Peter\")\nadd_student(students, \"Eliza\")\nprint_student(students, \"Peter\")\nprint_student(students, \"Eliza\")\nprint_student(students, \"Jack\")

Your program should now print out

\nPeter:\n no completed courses\nEliza:\n no completed courses\nJack: no such person in the database\n

adding completed courses

Mode: Agent-assisted change

Before prompting an agent, describe the current shape as student name -> course name -> grade and the incoming course record as {\"name\": ..., \"grade\": ...}. Ask for a plan which preserves the existing functions and printed output, then implement the additions in small steps.

Please write a function named add_course, which adds a completed course to the information of a specific student in the database. Course data is passed as a dictionary with the keys name and grade:

students = {}\nadd_student(students, \"Peter\")\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Introduction to Programming\", \"grade\": 3})\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Advanced Course in Programming\", \"grade\": 2})\nprint_student(students, \"Peter\")

When some courses have been added, the information printed out changes:

\nPeter:\n 2 completed courses:\n  Introduction to Programming 3\n  Advanced Course in Programming 2\n average grade 2.5\n

repeating courses

Courses with grade 0 should be ignored when adding course information. Additionally, if the course is already in the database in that specific student's information, the grade recorded in the database should never be lowered if the course is repeated.

Do not assign a new dictionary to the students parameter inside a function: that would disconnect the function from the database it was asked to update. Also inspect every return proposed inside a loop. Returning after the first student or course would leave the rest of the database unprocessed; returning immediately for one invalid course record is intentional.

students = {}\nadd_student(students, \"Peter\")\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Introduction to Programming\", \"grade\": 3})\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Advanced Course in Programming\", \"grade\": 2})\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Data Structures and Algorithms\", \"grade\": 0})\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Introduction to Programming\", \"grade\": 2})\nprint_student(students, \"Peter\")
\nPeter:\n 2 completed courses:\n  Introduction to Programming 3\n  Advanced Course in Programming 2\n average grade 2.5\n

summary of database

Please write a function named summary, which prints out a summary based on all the information stored in the database.

students = {}\nadd_student(students, \"Peter\")\nadd_student(students, \"Eliza\")\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Data Structures and Algorithms\", \"grade\": 1})\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Introduction to Programming\", \"grade\": 1})\nadd_course(students, \"Peter\", {\"name\": \"Advanced Course in Programming\", \"grade\": 1})\nadd_course(students, \"Eliza\", {\"name\": \"Introduction to Programming\", \"grade\": 5})\nadd_course(students, \"Eliza\", {\"name\": \"Introduction to Computer Science\", \"grade\": 4})\nsummary(students)

This should print out

\nstudents 2\nmost courses completed 3 Peter\nbest average grade 4.5 Eliza\n

Inspect the finished change before submitting. Trace the nested path used to add a grade, and verify a failed course, a lower repeated grade, a raised repeated grade, and students with different numbers and averages of completed courses.

","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/4-small-database/","title":"Building a small database"},"fileAbsolutePath":"/home/runner/work/programming-digital-humanities/programming-digital-humanities/data/part-5/4-small-database.md"},"allPages":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"5d899565-03f0-55ea-8073-4ee194950c4d","frontmatter":{"path":"/ai-tutor/","title":"Using the AI tutor on the course"}}},{"node":{"id":"c6198176-c061-5cca-a182-cc80cdb14e38","frontmatter":{"path":"/all-exercises/","title":"All exercises"}}},{"node":{"id":"6c2bb78f-1497-5d72-a964-8cb55e47559e","frontmatter":{"path":"/error_messages/","title":"Common error messages"}}},{"node":{"id":"96430bcf-4526-5d85-9206-c7336a6be270","frontmatter":{"path":"/faq/","title":"Frequently asked questions"}}},{"node":{"id":"0d6f8da4-7d4f-5228-a832-7ff574e63570","frontmatter":{"path":"/frontmatter-guide","title":"Frontmatter-guide"}}},{"node":{"id":"249c8a64-20fb-510c-8b3e-f5b3b72fe028","frontmatter":{"path":"/grading/","title":"Grading"}}},{"node":{"id":"5b5e6522-0d23-577b-9ba9-4ecd1c1c5d24","frontmatter":{"path":"/","title":"About this course"}}},{"node":{"id":"bcdb2bdc-e92c-5c75-8dd1-13f57e1129da","frontmatter":{"path":"/glossary","title":"Glossary"}}},{"node":{"id":"d54c2afb-004d-500e-9d19-aa3d154a39a5","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-0/","title":"Part 0: See what an agent can build"}}},{"node":{"id":"fff8e65b-0281-55fe-a21a-9e7e872ddc33","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-1/1-getting-started/","title":"Getting started"}}},{"node":{"id":"9fa0a7fc-c673-56ad-9dc8-bf6aeb6d3b05","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-1/2-information-from-the-user/","title":"Information from the user"}}},{"node":{"id":"c2286d4a-4cf7-5fc4-ab0f-f7cd2acf49df","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-1/3-more-about-variables/","title":"More about variables"}}},{"node":{"id":"3ebadf79-0e16-5ed7-bcb2-bec3731cffc2","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-1/4-arithmetic-operations/","title":"Arithmetic operations"}}},{"node":{"id":"c77004ff-fe4d-5533-b77f-c861fa42430d","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-1/5-conditional-statements/","title":"Conditional statements"}}},{"node":{"id":"50ee91dc-7fe8-508d-940f-577449a335f4","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-1/","title":"Part 1"}}},{"node":{"id":"d963c6b4-b2d4-59ff-b310-265b28e2c8d2","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-2/1-programming-terminology/","title":"Programming terminology"}}},{"node":{"id":"075f597d-a49f-59c1-ad1a-d68ba19aa0f4","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-2/2-else-elif/","title":"More conditionals"}}},{"node":{"id":"26776fa9-27c7-5554-990b-09d6661a07a8","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-2/3-combining-conditions/","title":"Combining conditions"}}},{"node":{"id":"1da4e234-e81f-5494-b2d4-96e30cbb4464","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-2/4-simple-loops/","title":"Simple loops"}}},{"node":{"id":"db78d781-f405-5904-91bf-e96f7f04353f","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-2/","title":"Part 2"}}},{"node":{"id":"10808e92-b68f-58c3-b767-cf5e9c0efeb7","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-3/1-loops-with-conditions/","title":"Loops with conditions"}}},{"node":{"id":"bceed420-a129-52a7-81ed-dafd67ad38df","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-3/2-working-with-strings/","title":"Working with strings"}}},{"node":{"id":"e2dfd9d3-07fa-59a0-b748-370355606256","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-3/3-more-loops/","title":"More loops"}}},{"node":{"id":"5b546d28-ac00-564f-9d75-cc09c4382b64","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-3/4-defining-functions/","title":"Defining functions"}}},{"node":{"id":"12122cff-c09e-53f1-8b76-8517f845e08c","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-3/","title":"Part 3"}}},{"node":{"id":"8fbb5845-152f-5be7-ac92-fa280093b2a2","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/1-vscode/","title":"The Visual Studio Code editor, Python interpreter and built-in debugging tool"}}},{"node":{"id":"b8d090a9-7e49-5ab7-a5a1-d126179dd9a0","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/2-more-functions/","title":"More functions"}}},{"node":{"id":"271308ca-b267-5c86-8051-8a1a3480cfcb","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/3-lists/","title":"Lists"}}},{"node":{"id":"e5a8fd16-890d-509e-9666-9c622648c18a","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/4-definite-iteration/","title":"Definite iteration"}}},{"node":{"id":"ca4caea3-eaad-5cc3-a1fa-83b9bb90a25e","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/5-strings-and-lists/","title":"More strings and lists"}}},{"node":{"id":"adeebce2-76be-5528-90a1-6feaa066fcd8","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/6-data-structures/","title":"Data structures and data shapes"}}},{"node":{"id":"07e761ca-39a1-50a1-97d8-9149e4737e89","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-4/","title":"Part 4"}}},{"node":{"id":"80fe5d23-31eb-5ff6-b339-99e173e9279f","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/0-working-with-ai/","title":"Working with AI from Part 5 onward"}}},{"node":{"id":"111a6af4-b8a7-5d71-8966-f750f6c161a6","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/1-tables-as-nested-lists/","title":"Tables as nested lists"}}},{"node":{"id":"7e2cf429-03ea-5e8c-86ce-62c71c689a75","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/2-references/","title":"References and transformed results"}}},{"node":{"id":"3901dc36-3116-5444-9120-6b38454e245f","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/3-grouping-and-structured-records/","title":"Grouping and structured records"}}},{"node":{"id":"076a1db2-8d62-5725-ad72-c43ea25897c6","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/4-small-database/","title":"Building a small database"}}},{"node":{"id":"cf823ebf-3d67-53ca-8fcf-9b53fee10c1d","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/5-in-memory-analysis-pipeline/","title":"An in-memory analysis pipeline"}}},{"node":{"id":"92cbc670-d401-53b8-949f-9725b81a5e4a","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-5/","title":"Part 5"}}},{"node":{"id":"52ecf5a7-9266-58c8-bac5-407b1a29a9dd","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-6/2-writing-files/","title":"Writing and exporting files"}}},{"node":{"id":"a296984d-7503-558e-86da-ddb801f8a59b","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-6/3-scope-of-variables/","title":"Make data flow explicit"}}},{"node":{"id":"98bdbc42-0ebc-5f9c-b767-b987266a0040","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-6/4-modules/","title":"Use existing libraries"}}},{"node":{"id":"0ca5c730-bd8e-5099-9768-8fcb8eb0b7b4","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-6/1-reading-files/","title":"Reading files"}}},{"node":{"id":"11759056-5a15-5820-a693-30f4df62f118","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-6/","title":"Part 6"}}},{"node":{"id":"6e748518-2c76-5428-8779-0f0455b17a0d","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-7/0-dataframes-and-views/","title":"Working with pandas dataframes"}}},{"node":{"id":"047a5114-7ebb-5a5c-8ed0-eadf81564546","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-7/1-times-and-dates/","title":"Times and dates"}}},{"node":{"id":"7cc9d1d2-fb68-52da-b5ec-034bf9f4585f","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-7/3-more-features/","title":"More Python features"}}},{"node":{"id":"5055044d-7938-5e5d-be5c-dfb0ff2c81b4","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-7/2-data-processing/","title":"Data processing"}}},{"node":{"id":"cea3f325-56bb-5a93-885e-275e465c1ced","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-7/","title":"Part 7"}}},{"node":{"id":"3abea309-839b-562f-bb00-3be40d963200","frontmatter":{"path":"/part-8/","title":"Part 8"}}}]}},"pageContext":{}}, "staticQueryHashes": ["1357757885","994120085"]}